Metairie takes its name from the French word for a small tenant farm whose tenant paid the landlord with a share of the crop. In the 1760s many of the original French farmers were tenants, and after the Civil War most residents were sharecroppers until the area began to urbanize in the 1910s.
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French settlers, the first Europeans there, came in the 1720s to the area then called Tchoupitoulas, now Metairie Ridge. The ridge is a natural levee left by Bayou Metairie, an ancient branch of the Mississippi that flowed through present River Ridge, Metairie, Gentilly and New Orleans East to Mississippi Sound. The Acolapissa used the ridge as a road, the oldest in the New Orleans area. An electric streetcar was built along it in the late 1910s, opening the area to development, and upscale neighborhoods built off the road in the 1920s are now called Old Metairie.
The Fort Lauderdale hurricane of 1947 struck Metairie directly with 125 mph winds and left much of it under 6 feet of water. Hurricane Betsy caused wide damage in 1965, and a flood on May 8, 1995, dropped more than 20 inches of rain in twelve hours. In 1989 a Metairie district elected the white supremacist David Duke to a single term in the Louisiana legislature. After Hurricane Katrina flooded New Orleans on August 29, 2005, many people moved to Metairie for housing.
Sources
Wikipedia: Metairie, Louisiana