Bands of the Duwamish people lived along the eastern shore of Lake Washington, with villages in today's downtown and at Juanita Bay. English settlers arrived in the late 1860s, when the McGregor and Popham families homesteaded in what is now Houghton, and by the end of the 1880s small logging, farming and boatbuilding communities had formed. In 1886 Peter Kirk, a British-born businessman, came to Washington after hearing of iron deposits in the Cascades. Because he was not a U.S. citizen, he partnered with Leigh S. J. Hunt, owner of the Seattle Post-Intelligencer, and in July 1888 their Kirkland Land and Development Company bought thousands of acres for a planned "Pittsburgh of the West."
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The Moss Bay Iron and Steel Company mill was finished on Rose Hill in late 1892, but the railroad refused to build to the lake, and the Panic of 1893 closed the mill before it ever made steel. Kirkland was incorporated in 1905 with about 532 people. Ferries linked it with Seattle, and after the Lake Washington Ship Canal opened in 1917, the Lake Washington Shipyard built ocean-going ships, including more than 25 warships during World War II. The first floating bridge, finished in 1940, ended the ferry service.
Kirkland merged with Houghton on July 31, 1968, and later annexations, the largest in 2011, added tens of thousands of residents. The Seattle Seahawks trained at the old shipyard from 1976 to 1985, and Costco, once headquartered in the city, named its Kirkland Signature brand for it. In March 2020, Kirkland recorded the first reported COVID-19 deaths in the United States.
Sources
Wikipedia: Kirkland, Washington